在开发一个大型php项目时，我遇到了一个棘手的问题：如何有效地管理服务依赖和生命周期。随着项目的扩展，服务之间的依赖关系变得越来越复杂，手动管理这些依赖不仅耗时，而且容易出错。我尝试了几种方法，但都没有找到一个既灵活又高效的解决方案。最终，我通过使用ghostwriter/container库成功解决了这个问题。
使用composer安装ghostwriter/container非常简单：
composer require ghostwriter/container
这个库提供了一个可扩展的依赖注入服务容器，支持自动化的对象组合、拦截和生命周期管理。它通过一系列强大的功能帮助你简化服务管理：
简单使用
你可以轻松地在容器中注册服务：
final readonly class Service { public function __construct( private Dependency $dependency ) {} public function dependency(): Dependency { return $this->dependency; } } $container = Container::getInstance(); $service = $container->get(Service::class); assert($service instanceof Service); // true assert($service->dependency() instanceof Dependency); // true
使用属性注解
你还可以使用属性注解来注册服务，这使得代码更加清晰和易于维护：
立即学习“PHP免费学习笔记（深入）”；
#[Inject]
use GhostwriterContainerAttributeInject; final readonly class Service { public function __invoke( #[Inject(Dependency::class)] DependencyInterface $dependency ): Dependency { return $this->dependency; } }
#[Factory]
use GhostwriterContainerAttributeFactory; #[Factory(ServiceFactory::class)] final readonly class Service { public function __construct( private Dependency $dependency ) {} public function dependency(): Dependency { return $this->dependency; } }
#[Extension]
use GhostwriterContainerAttributeExtension; #[Extension(ServiceExtension::class)] final readonly class Service { public function __construct( private Dependency $dependency ) {} public function dependency(): Dependency { return $this->dependency; } }
#[Provider]
use GhostwriterContainerAttributeProvider; #[Provider(ServiceProvider::class)] final readonly class Service { public function __construct( private DependencyInterface $dependency ) {} public function dependency(): DependencyInterface { return $this->dependency; } }
服务提供者
通过服务提供者，你可以更灵活地管理服务：
interface TaskInterface {} final readonly class Task implements TaskInterface {} final class Tasks { private array $tasks = []; public function addTask(TaskInterface $task) { $this->tasks[] = $task; } } final readonly class TasksServiceProvider implements ServiceProviderInterface { public function __invoke(ContainerInterface $container) { $container->alias(Task::class, TaskInterface::class); // "set" the service instance $container->set(FirstTask::class, new FirstTask(), [Task::class]); // "define" the service builder $container->define(Tasks::class, static function (Container $container) { /** @var Tasks $tasks */ $tasks = $container->build(Tasks::class); foreach ($container->tagged(Task::class) as $service) { $tasks->addTask($service); } return $tasks; }, [Tasks::class, 'tasks']); } } $container->provide(TasksServiceProvider::class); $service = $container->get(TaskInterface::class); assert($service instanceof Task); // true
上下文绑定
上下文绑定允许你根据不同的上下文注入不同的依赖：
interface ClientInterface {} final readonly class RestClient implements ClientInterface {} final readonly class GraphQLClient implements ClientInterface {} final readonly class gitHub { public function __construct( private ClientInterface $client ) { } public function getClient(): ClientInterface { return $this->client; } } // When GitHub::class asks for ClientInterface::class, it would receive an instance of GraphQLClient::class. $container->bind(GitHub::class, ClientInterface::class, GraphQLClient::class); // When any other service asks for ClientInterface::class, it would receive an instance of RestClient::class. $container->alias(ClientInterface::class, RestClient::class);
服务扩展
你可以使用服务扩展来增强现有服务的功能：
/** * @implements ExtensionInterface<GitHubClient> */ final readonly class GitHubExtension implements ExtensionInterface { /** * @param GitHubClient $service * @return GitHubClient */ public function __invoke(ContainerInterface $container, object $service): object { $service->setEnterpriseUrl( $container->get(GitHubClient::GITHUB_HOST) ); return $service; } } $container->alias(GitHubClientInterface::class, GitHubClient::class); $container->extend(GitHubClientInterface::class, $container->get(GitHubExtension::class));
服务工厂
服务工厂允许你动态创建服务实例：
final readonly class Dependency {} final readonly class Service { public function __construct( private Dependency $dependency ){} public function dependency(): Dependency { return $this->dependency; } } final readonly class ServiceFactory { public function __invoke(Container $container): Service { return new Service($container->get(Dependency::class)); } } $container = Container::getInstance(); $container->factory(Service::class, ServiceFactory::class); $service = $container->get(Service::class); assert($service instanceof Service); // true assert($service->dependency() instanceof Dependency); // true
使用ghostwriter/container库，我能够更加灵活和高效地管理服务依赖和生命周期。它不仅简化了代码，还提高了项目的可维护性和可扩展性。如果你在处理PHP项目中的依赖注入和服务管理问题，强烈推荐你尝试这个库。
© 版权声明
文章版权归作者所有，未经允许请勿转载。
THE END
喜欢就支持一下吧
相关推荐
