本文旨在介绍如何高效地更新 Java 中 json 数组内的对象。当需要根据特定匹配键(如userid和scripcode)将一个 JSON 数组(websocketjsonArray)中的数据更新到另一个 JSON 数组(http)中的对应对象时,传统嵌套循环方法效率低下且易出错。我们将重点探讨如何利用 Josson 库提供的强大查询和连接功能,以简洁、声明式的方式实现这一复杂的数据合并与更新操作,显著提升代码的可读性和执行效率。
1. 问题背景与传统方法的局限性
在数据处理场景中,我们经常会遇到需要同步或合并来自不同数据源的 json 数据。例如,给定两个 jsonarray:http 和 websocketjsonarray,它们都包含一系列 jsonobject。我们的目标是,如果 websocketjsonarray 中的某个对象与 http 数组中的某个对象在 userid 和 scripcode 字段上完全匹配,则将 websocketjsonarray 中该对象的特定字段(如 bfqty)的值更新到 http 数组中对应的对象上。
传统的实现方式通常涉及嵌套循环:遍历 websocketjsonArray,在内部循环遍历 http 数组,然后使用 if 条件判断 userid 和 scripcode 是否匹配。一旦匹配成功,就手动从源对象获取值并更新目标对象。这种方法虽然直观,但存在以下局限性:
- 效率低下:对于大型 JSON 数组,嵌套循环的时间复杂度为 O(N*M),其中 N 和 M 分别是两个数组的长度,这会导致性能瓶颈。
- 代码冗余:手动的数据查找、比较和更新逻辑会使代码变得冗长且难以维护。
- 易出错:在复杂的条件判断和数据类型转换中,容易引入逻辑错误。
2. 引入 Josson 库:高效的 JSON 数据操作利器
为了解决上述问题,我们可以利用 Josson 和 Jossons 库。Josson 是一个强大的 Java JSON 处理器,它提供了一种类似 sql 的查询语言来操作 JSON 数据,包括数据选择、过滤、转换和连接等。Jossons 则是 Josson 的一个扩展,支持多数据集操作,非常适合我们当前的需求。
2.1 添加 Josson 依赖
在使用 Josson 之前,需要将其添加到项目的 pom.xml(maven)或 build.gradle(Gradle)文件中。
Maven:
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<dependency> <groupId>com.github.octomix.josson</groupId> <artifactId>josson</artifactId> <version>1.4.1</version> <!-- 请使用最新版本 --> </dependency>
Gradle:
implementation 'com.github.octomix.josson:josson:1.4.1' // 请使用最新版本
2.2 数据准备与数据集注册
首先,我们需要将原始的 JSON 字符串解析成 Josson 对象,并通过 Jossons 注册为命名数据集。这使得我们可以在查询中通过名称引用它们。
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonNode; import com.octomix.josson.Josson; import com.octomix.josson.Jossons; public class JsonArrayUpdater { public static void main(String[] args) { try { // 原始 HTTP 数据 String httpJsonString = "[{"userid":"CNRM04","groupname":"Rohit","segment":"cosPROFIN","accountcode":"OWN","symbol":"NIFTY","exchange":"NSEFO","expirydate":"03NOV2022","scripcode":"38021","securitytype":"OPT","strikeprice":17700,"opttype":"PE","bfqty":-1500,"bfrate":122.35,"bfamt":18352.5,"buyqty":0,"sellqty":0,"netqty":0,"cfqty":-150,"cfamt":18352.5,"ltp":0,"grossmtm":0,"brokerageamt":0,"netmtm":0,"currency":"INR","usdrate":1,"clientsharing":0,"broksharing":0,"comsharing":100,"multiplier":1},{"userid":"CNRM04","groupname":"Rohit","segment":"CosPROFIN","accountcode":"OWN","symbol":"NIFTY","exchange":"NSEFO","expirydate":"03NOV2022","scripcode":"38026","securitytype":"OPT","strikeprice":17800,"opttype":"PE","bfqty":0,"bfrate":0,"bfamt":0,"buyqty":10800,"sellqty":15000,"netqty":-4200,"cfqty":-4200,"cfamt":590729.9999999998,"ltp":0,"grossmtm":0,"brokerageamt":3400.2888479999992,"netmtm":0,"currency":"INR","usdrate":1,"clientsharing":0,"broksharing":0,"comsharing":100,"multiplier":11},{"userid":"CNC01","groupname":"abhishek","segment":"Cosmic","accountcode":"APP","symbol":"NIFTY","exchange":"NSEFO","expirydate":"03NOV2022","scripcode":"40034","securitytype":"OPT","strikeprice":1200,"opttype":"PE","bfqty":12,"bfrate":2,"bfamt":0,"buyqty":100,"sellqty":121,"netqty":200,"cfqty":11,"cfamt":78,"ltp":9,"grossmtm":0,"brokerageamt":12222,"netmtm":45,"currency":"INR","usdrate":2,"clientsharing":0,"broksharing":0,"comsharing":0,"multiplier":99}]"; // WebSocket 更新数据 String websocketJsonString = "[{"userid":"CNRM04","groupname":"Rohit","segment":"CosPROFIN","accountcode":"OWN","symbol":"NIFTY","exchange":"NSEFO","expirydate":"03NOV2022","scripcode":"38021","securitytype":"OPT","strikeprice":17700,"opttype":"PE","bfqty":20,"bfrate":122.35,"bfamt":18352.5,"buyqty":0,"sellqty":0,"netqty":0,"cfqty":-150,"cfamt":18352.5,"ltp":0,"grossmtm":0,"brokerageamt":0,"netmtm":0,"currency":"INR","usdrate":1,"clientsharing":0,"broksharing":0,"comsharing":100,"multiplier":1},{"userid":"CNRM04","groupname":"Rohit","segment":"CosPROFIN","accountcode":"OWN","symbol":"NIFTY","exchange":"NSEFO","expirydate":"03NOV2022","scripcode":"38026","securitytype":"OPT","strikeprice":17800,"opttype":"PE","bfqty":30,"bfrate":0,"bfamt":0,"buyqty":10800,"sellqty":15000,"netqty":-4200,"cfqty":-4200,"cfamt":590729.9999999998,"ltp":0,"grossmtm":0,"brokerageamt":3400.2888479999992,"netmtm":0,"currency":"INR","usdrate":1,"clientsharing":0,"broksharing":0,"comsharing":100,"multiplier":1}]]"; Jossons jossons = new Jossons(); jossons.putDataset("http", Josson.fromJsonString(httpJsonString)); jossons.putDataset("websocket", Josson.fromJsonString(websocketJsonString)); System.out.println("原始 http 数据:n" + jossons.getDataset("http").toPrettyString()); System.out.println("原始 websocket 数据:n" + jossons.getDataset("websocket").toPrettyString()); // ... 后续执行查询 } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
2.3 执行数据合并与更新(左连接操作)
Josson 提供了强大的查询语法来实现数据连接和更新。在本例中,我们将使用左连接(
核心查询语句是: http{userid,scripcode} map(userid,scripcode,bfqty){userid,scripcode}
让我们分解这个查询:
- http{userid,scripcode}: 指定左侧数据集为 http,并且定义用于匹配的键是 userid 和 scripcode。
- websocket->map(userid,scripcode,bfqty){userid,scripcode}:
- websocket: 指定右侧数据集为 websocket。
- ->map(userid,scripcode,bfqty): 这是一个映射(map)操作,它从 websocket 数据集中为每个对象选择 userid, scripcode, bfqty 这三个字段。这意味着只有这些字段会被考虑用于更新。
- {userid,scripcode}: 指定右侧数据集用于匹配的键也是 userid 和 scripcode。
当查询执行时,Josson 会根据 userid 和 scripcode 将 http 中的对象与 websocket 中映射后的对象进行匹配。如果找到匹配,websocket 中 map 操作选取的字段(即 bfqty)的值将覆盖 http 中对应对象的 bfqty 值。
完整代码示例:
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonNode; import com.octomix.josson.Josson; import com.octomix.josson.Jossons; import org.json.JSONArray; // 引入 org.json.JSONArray 以匹配原始问题中的数据结构 public class JsonArrayUpdateExample { // 假设这是您的Activity或主类 public static void main(String[] args) { try { // 原始 HTTP 数据,使用 org.json.JSONArray 兼容原始问题 JSONArray http = new JSONArray("[{"userid":"CNRM04","groupname":"Rohit","segment":"CosPROFIN","accountcode":"OWN","symbol":"NIFTY","exchange":"NSEFO","expirydate":"03NOV2022","scripcode":"38021","securitytype":"OPT","strikeprice":17700,"opttype":"PE","bfqty":-1500,"bfrate":122.35,"bfamt":18352.5,"buyqty":0,"sellqty":0,"netqty":0,"cfqty":-150,"cfamt":18352.5,"ltp":0,"grossmtm":0,"brokerageamt":0,"netmtm":0,"currency":"INR","usdrate":1,"clientsharing":0,"broksharing":0,"comsharing":100,"multiplier":1},{"userid":"CNRM04","groupname":"Rohit","segment":"CosPROFIN","accountcode":"OWN","symbol":"NIFTY","exchange":"NSEFO","expirydate":"03NOV2022","scripcode":"38026","securitytype":"OPT","strikeprice":17800,"opttype":"PE","bfqty":0,"bfrate":0,"bfamt":0,"buyqty":10800,"sellqty":15000,"netqty":-4200,"cfqty":-4200,"cfamt":590729.9999999998,"ltp":0,"grossmtm":0,"brokerageamt":3400.2888479999992,"netmtm":0,"currency":"INR","usdrate":1,"clientsharing":0,"broksharing":0,"comsharing":100,"multiplier":11},{"userid":"CNC01","groupname":"abhishek","segment":"Cosmic","accountcode":"APP","symbol":"NIFTY","exchange":"NSEFO","expirydate":"03NOV2022","scripcode":"40034","securitytype":"OPT","strikeprice":1200,"opttype":"PE","bfqty":12,"bfrate":2,"bfamt":0,"buyqty":100,"sellqty":121,"netqty":200,"cfqty":11,"cfamt":78,"ltp":9,"grossmtm":0,"brokerageamt":12222,"netmtm":45,"currency":"INR","usdrate":2,"clientsharing":0,"broksharing":0,"comsharing":0,"multiplier":99}]"); // WebSocket 更新数据,使用 org.json.JSONArray 兼容原始问题 JSONArray websocketjsonArray = new JSONArray("[{"userid":"CNRM04","groupname":"Rohit","segment":"CosPROFIN","accountcode":"OWN","symbol":"NIFTY","exchange":"NSEFO","expirydate":"03NOV2022","scripcode":"38021","securitytype":"OPT","strikeprice":17700,"opttype":"PE","bfqty":20,"bfrate":122.35,"bfamt":18352.5,"buyqty":0,"sellqty":0,"netqty":0,"cfqty":-150,"cfamt":18352.5,"ltp":0,"grossmtm":0,"brokerageamt":0,"netmtm":0,"currency":"INR","usdrate":1,"clientsharing":0,"broksharing":0,"comsharing":100,"multiplier":1},{"userid":"CNRM04","groupname":"Rohit","segment":"CosPROFIN","accountcode":"OWN","symbol":"NIFTY","exchange":"NSEFO","expirydate":"03NOV2022","scripcode":"38026","securitytype":"OPT","strikeprice":17800,"opttype":"PE","bfqty":30,"bfrate":0,"bfamt":0,"buyqty":10800,"sellqty":15000,"netqty":-4200,"cfqty":-4200,"cfamt":590729.9999999998,"ltp":0,"grossmtm":0,"brokerageamt":3400.2888479999992,"netmtm":0,"currency":"INR","usdrate":1,"clientsharing":0,"broksharing":0,"comsharing":100,"multiplier":1}]]"); // 初始化 Jossons 实例 Jossons jossons = new Jossons(); // 将 JSONArray 转换为 Josson 对象并注册为数据集 // 注意:Josson.fromJsonString 接受 JSON 字符串,而不是 org.json.JSONArray 对象 jossons.putDataset("http", Josson.fromJsonString(http.toString())); jossons.putDataset("websocket", Josson.fromJsonString(websocketjsonArray.toString())); System.out.println("--- 原始数据 ---"); System.out.println("http:n" + jossons.getDataset("http").toPrettyString()); System.out.println("websocket:n" + jossons.getDataset("websocket").toPrettyString()); // 执行左连接更新操作 JsonNode updatedHttpNode = jossons.evaluateQuery( "http{userid,scripcode} <=< websocket->map(userid,scripcode,bfqty){userid,scripcode}"); System.out.println("n--- 更新后的数据 ---"); System.out.println(updatedHttpNode.toPrettyString()); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
2.4 预期输出
运行上述代码,您将看到 http 数组中 bfqty 字段的值根据 websocket 数组中的匹配项进行了更新:
[ { "userid" : "CNRM04", "groupname" : "Rohit", "segment" : "CosPROFIN", "accountcode" : "OWN", "symbol" : "NIFTY", "exchange" : "NSEFO", "expirydate" : "03NOV2022", "scripcode" : "38021", "securitytype" : "OPT", "strikeprice" : 17700, "opttype" : "PE", "bfqty" : 20, "bfrate" : 122.35, "bfamt" : 18352.5, "buyqty" : 0, "sellqty" : 0, "netqty" : 0, "cfqty" : -150, "cfamt" : 18352.5, "ltp" : 0, "grossmtm" : 0, "brokerageamt" : 0, "netmtm" : 0, "currency" : "INR", "usdrate" : 1, "clientsharing" : 0, "broksharing" : 0, "comsharing" : 100, "multiplier" : 1 }, { "userid" : "CNRM04", "groupname" : "Rohit", "segment" : "CosPROFIN", "accountcode" : "OWN", "symbol" : "NIFTY", "exchange" : "NSEFO", "expirydate" : "03NOV2022", "scripcode" : "38026", "securitytype" : "OPT", "strikeprice" : 17800, "opttype" : "PE", "bfqty" : 30, "bfrate" : 0, "bfamt" : 0, "buyqty" : 10800, "sellqty" : 15000, "netqty" : -4200, "cfqty" : -4200, "cfamt" : 590729.9999999998, "ltp" : 0, "grossmtm" : 0, "brokerageamt" : 3400.2888479999992, "netmtm" : 0, "currency" : "